Winter Foundation Maintenance Guide

Winter poses the greatest threat to Toronto foundations. With temperatures ranging from -20°C to +5°C, freeze-thaw cycles create tremendous stress on foundation materials.

Winter Foundation Threats

Freeze-Thaw Damage

• Water expands 9% when freezing
• Concrete cracks widen with each cycle
• Frost penetration reaches 4-5 feet
• Ice lenses form in soil

Common Winter Problems

• Frost heave lifting foundations
• Ice dams causing water backup
• Frozen sump discharge lines
• Condensation on cold walls
• Basement flooding during thaws

Active Winter Monitoring

Weekly Inspections

Check these areas weekly:

• Foundation walls for new cracks
• Basement humidity levels (30-50%)
• Sump pump operation
• Window wells for ice buildup
• Temperature consistency

After Each Storm

• Clear snow from foundation (5-foot perimeter)
• Remove ice from window wells
• Check gutters aren’t blocked by ice
• Ensure vents aren’t covered by snow

Critical Winter Tasks

Snow Management

Proper snow removal prevents:

• Melt water pooling at foundation
• Excessive weight on walls
• Ice formation in window wells
• Blocked ventilation

Temperature Control

Maintain stable temperatures:

• Basement minimum 10°C (50°F)
• Avoid rapid temperature changes
• Insulate cold spots
• Run fans to circulate air

Emergency Situations

Call Immediately for:

• Water entering basement
• Sudden large cracks
• Doors/windows won’t close
• Visible foundation movement
• Frozen pipe concerns

24/7 Winter Emergency: (437) 545-0067

Winter Damage Prevention

Monthly Tasks

• Test sump pump with warm water
• Check dehumidifier operation
• Inspect for condensation
• Monitor crack sizes
• Clear snow after each storm

Equipment Maintenance

• Keep backup pump ready
• Test generator monthly
• Maintain space heaters
• Stock emergency supplies
• Update emergency contacts

Cost of Winter Damage

Typical winter-related repairs:

• Frozen pipe burst: $5,000-$15,000
• Ice dam water damage: $3,000-$10,000
• Frost heave repair: $10,000-$30,000
• Emergency pumping: $500-$2,000

Professional Winter Services

Don’t wait for spring:

• Emergency water removal
• Crack injection (interior)
• Sump pump thawing/repair
• Temporary waterproofing
• Structural monitoring

Winter vigilance prevents spring disasters. One missed problem can cost thousands.